Development and validation of the Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports

Reference:

Smith, R. E., Cumming, S. P. and Smoll, F. L., 2008. Development and validation of the Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 20 (1), pp. 116-136.

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Official URL:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10413200701790558

Abstract

The Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports (MCSYS) provides an age-appropriate measure of coach-initiated motivational climates in youth sports. Items have a readability level of grade 4.0 or below. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that both child and adolescent athletes (ages 9–14) discriminate between mastery- and ego-involving coaching behaviors. The MCSYS demonstrated acceptable reliability and strong factorial validity. Construct validity research yielded predicted relations within a nomological net that included athletes’ achievement goal orientations, competitive trait anxiety, sport enjoyment and coach evaluations, intrinsic motivation, and self-esteem. In both white middle-class and low income minority samples, the mastery and ego subscales also proved sensitive to a coach intervention designed to promote the establishment of a mastery climate and a reduction of ego climate behaviors. We discuss use of the scale to, measure motivational climate at individual and team levels and the desirability of multi-level statistical analyses of climate data.

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